Vietnam ratifies Trans-Pacific Partnership
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Solidifying its commitment to the Trans-Pacific Partnership that was redrafted and signed in March, Vietnam is the latest member nation to ratify the trade agreement. Vietnam’s lawmaking body approved the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) on November 12, following Australia’s ratification on October 31.
Other countries to have now ratified the deal include Japan, Canada, Mexico, Singapore and New Zealand, taking the member count to seven.
Originally a 12-country trade deal, the CPTPP – also known as TPP-11 – had to be redesigned in March to facilitate 11 members, after US president Donald Trump pulled Washington out of the deal shortly after taking office in early 2017.
At its first creation, the CPTPP represented some 30% of global trade, but without the US, that figure has dropped to 13%. Still, it is expected to reduce tariffs between the 11 participating nations that together add up to US$10 trillion.
As for Vietnam, the deal comes at a time when the Southeast Asian nation looks to rid its dependency on its two major trading partners – the US and China, amid the recent tensions between the two.
Some 25% of Vietnam’s total trade is with China, which is is in a tariff battle on all of its exports to the US.
The new CPTPP gives Vietnam the chance to limit its reliance on China for things such as yarns and textiles for its garment industry, meaning it will source from member countries to receive tariff-free components.
“This is an important political decision, affirming our country’s active role in international integration,” Nguyen Van Giau, head of the National Assembly’s external relations department said this week.
Up close, the deal sees taxes on nearly 43% of Vietnam’s apparel exports to Canada removed immediately after the agreement takes effect, and 100 percent after four years, the government said.
The garment sector is Vietnam’s second largest export-earner after smartphones, while footwear products and seafood will also benefit.
The pact, which includes specific requirements on labour rights and conditions of work, is also expected to help Vietnam advance in labour reforms, the International Labour Organization said.
Brunei, Chile, Malaysia and Peru are the four remaining members yet to ratify the pact.
Questions & Answers
Q.Which countries have already ratified the CPTPP trade agreement?
Which countries have already ratified the CPTPP trade agreement?
Seven countries have now ratified the deal: Vietnam, Australia, Japan, Canada, Mexico, Singapore, and New Zealand. This brings the current member count to seven, with four nations yet to ratify.
Q.How has the CPTPP deal changed since its original conception?
How has the CPTPP deal changed since its original conception?
The deal was originally a 12-country trade agreement, but the US withdrawal reduced it to 11 members. Consequently, its share of global trade dropped from 30% to 13%.
Q.What is the immediate benefit for Vietnam's garment industry under the new agreement?
What is the immediate benefit for Vietnam's garment industry under the new agreement?
Taxes on nearly 43% of Vietnam’s apparel exports to Canada will be removed immediately upon the agreement taking effect. All taxes will be removed after four years.
Q.Which of Vietnam's export sectors are expected to benefit most from the CPTPP?
Which of Vietnam's export sectors are expected to benefit most from the CPTPP?
Vietnam's second largest export-earner, the garment sector, is expected to benefit significantly. Footwear products and seafood exports are also anticipated to see advantages from the agreement.