Fine wines languishing in China warehouses as demand cools
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Importers of fine wines are cutting the prices of their products by as much as three-quarters amid a drop in demand.
The fire sales are prompted by a huge oversupply of wine that had built up after a swarm of importers jumped at seemingly stellar growth from 2010.
China wine consumption, which had been rising in double digits, dropped last year and is set to inch up just over 1 percent annually until 2020, Reuters reported.
The striking slowdown is a headache for a global wine industry pinning hopes on fast China growth, and a further sign that Chinese consumers are reining in spending even as Beijing hopes they will pick up the slack from falling exports.
“When we started there was huge demand so we could control prices, big margins no problem,” said Xavier Grangier, sales director at logistics firm Europasia, which runs a 4,000 square meter Shanghai warehouse storing 250,000 bottles of mostly European wine.
Now, his firm has had to lower some prices and been stuck with some wine it is unlikely to sell.
“In Shanghai alone, 2,000 firms in the wine business just vanished over the last couple of years,” he added.
China’s retail wine market is worth around 78 billion yuan (US$12.36 billion), with imports making up around a third, according to a 2015 report from wine data analytics firm IWSR.
While official retail sales figures have been a rare bright spot amid a stream of economic data showing China’s economy faltering, private sector surveys have shown consumer sentiment plumbing record lows in recent months.
A crackdown on corruption now in its third year has also discouraged conspicuous consumption, hitting not just wine but also sellers of other luxury goods from LVMH and Burberry to global auto makers.
“In Shanghai alone, 2,000 firms in the wine business just vanished over the last couple of years,”
“In 2010 everyone was screaming from the rooftops that China was the El Dorado for wine and you could become a millionaire by jumping into the business,” said Pierrick Fayoux, Shanghai-based marketing manager at French wine importer VGF China Ltd.
“Now wine is being sold below cost, some is going bad sitting for long periods in poorly maintained warehouses and decent Bordeaux wines are going for 15 yuan a bottle.”
To be sure, China’s wine industry has long-term potential: the market is already the world’s fifth largest, but with only 38 million wine drinkers — mostly in big cities such as Shanghai, Beijing and Tianjin — among a population of 1.4 billion, annual consumption per capita is only 5.8 liters, a fraction of the 50 liters consumed in France.
For now though, the inventory overhang and the downward pressure on prices is making it hard to turn a profit.
Even China’s biggest wine importer, ASC Fine Wines, has trimmed prices and taken a hit to its margins, a person with direct knowledge of the firm’s operations told Reuters.
ASC, owned by Japan’s Suntory Beverage & Food Ltd., said the wine market was in a new slower stage of growth and that consumers were increasingly “price-conscious”.
“We are expanding our entry-level wine selections to meet the changes in consumer demand,” said ASC’s chief executive officer Bruno Baudry in emailed comments to Reuters.
The squeeze on prices could be better news for more affordable New World wines, with countries such as Chile and South Africa already taking more market share with wines under 100 yuan.
“There is still demand for imported wine, but not the same wines,” said Guillaume Deglise, chief executive of Vinexpo, which organizes wine fairs to help introduce producers to China buyers.
“Before it was mostly the luxury end of the business — up-market wines from Bordeaux. Now it’s the entry-level market.”
Questions & Answers
Q.What caused the current oversupply of fine wine in China?
What caused the current oversupply of fine wine in China?
A large number of importers entered the market after experiencing significant growth from 2010. This led to a build-up of wine inventory as demand did not continue to rise at the same rate.
Q.How has the market slowdown affected wine businesses in China?
How has the market slowdown affected wine businesses in China?
Many firms have reduced prices, with some selling wine below cost. In Shanghai alone, 2,000 wine businesses have disappeared in recent years due to the challenging market conditions.
Q.Are there any positive trends for the future of the Chinese wine market?
Are there any positive trends for the future of the Chinese wine market?
Despite current challenges, China is already the world's fifth-largest wine market. Its vast population means there is long-term potential for growth, especially among a relatively small current base of wine drinkers.
Q.Which types of imported wines are seeing increased demand in China now?
Which types of imported wines are seeing increased demand in China now?
Demand has shifted from luxury, up-market wines to more affordable, entry-level imported wines. Countries like Chile and South Africa are gaining market share with wines priced under 100 yuan.
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